The article reviews the severe environmental damages caused to Ein Tzin, Ein Scorpions in the Tzin stream from the Tzin industrial plant for mining and processing of phosphate, which belongs to Israel Chemicals Ltd. The article presents the claims ra…
Read MoreWhen we say a business license, for the most part we think about the Ministry of Environmental Protection, or the Ministry of Health. Why? Because these offices see the business license as a key tool in their ability to carry out enforcement at facto…
Read MoreIn the first part of the article published in the previous issue of "Water and Irrigation" We discussed the many problems that bureaucracy and environmental regulations have in Israel. In the second part presented now we are dealing with concrete pro…
Read MoreThe article reviews the environmental regulation and bureaucracy in Israel. In the first part of the article there is an overview of the history of the Business Licensing Law amendments and the pending bill for Integrated Environmental Licensing, as…
Read MoreDuring 2014, we published a series of four articles in the Journal of the Safety and Hygiene Institute. The articles analyzed various legal aspects of safety management plan derived from the Workplace Safety Regulations on Safety Management Plan, in…
Read MoreLegislation dealing with the electricity sector lacks environmental goals. Lack of reference to environmental purposes exists also in the legal field of natural gas, in which usage seems to have a significant environmental impact. Energy Sources La…
Read MoreIn ecosystems one part depends on the other. The same is with environmental legislation. It should be done in a comprehensive and coherent analysis. Although this trend is reflected in the new legislation about environmental treatment of EEE, we be…
Read MoreRecently, a new environmental law was published of great importance to the public that also imposes great responsibility on industry. The law in question is the Environmental Protection Law (Releases and Transfers to the Environment – Reporting and R…
Read MoreLawn fertilizer has recently caught the attention of legislators in certain states concerned about the aggregate effects its use may have on the environment, and those legislative developments may affect the future of related toxic tort litigation in…
Read MoreIn 2001, The Commission for Future Generations was established by law and the first Commissioner was appointed. The Knesset Law gave to the Commissioner the authority to impact on bills that under his opinion had a significant impact on future genera…
Read MoreThe world's climate has always changed. There is no question that the pace of global warming since the Industrial Revolution has increased as a result of human activity (anthropogenic activity). The accepted explanation for this phenomenon is called…
Read MoreUntil recently, industry mainly had to deal with regulation in the form of conditions added to their business licenses by the Ministry of Environmental Protection and/ or the Ministry of Health. In 2010 and 2011, two new laws were enacted, Public He…
Read MoreDrinking water move a long way from the source to the supply of water for drinking. For instance water suppliers must utilize disinfection techniques using chlorine, ozone or UV radiation, in order to prevent the buildup of bacteria or viruses that c…
Read MoreEU manufacturers and importers of electrical and electronic equipment should be well aware of their obligations under the EU’s WEEE Directive and under the RoHS Directive covering restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in the self-sam…
Read MoreThe enactment of the RoHS Directive (2002/95/EC) prohibiting the use of certain substances in electrical and electronic devices (EEE) and the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC) regarding recycling obligations for EEE, had a very significant influence on the…
Read MoreEffluent passes several bodies on their journey. Each link in the journey has a decisive influence on the handling of wastewater and effluent quality. If the receiving authorities in their wastewater collection systems will not supervise properly the…
Read MoreNanomaterials have recently seen wide application to a diverse array of products. The regulatory regimes in various countries are struggling to catch up with the pace of this technological advancement. The article considers recent international devel…
Read MoreIt may be possible that some of the metals used for manufacturing your cellphones, were mined in the Congo by means of slavery and sexual exploitation. In order to fight this phenomenon, manufacturers will be required by US Minerals Conflict Law to t…
Read MoreIndustries in the energy, metal, mineral, chemical and other sectors, have to be familiar with the regulations in regards to emission permits under the Clean Air Law. Denial of an emission permit is equivalent to a closure order. Submitting a permit…
Read MoreDoes the Precautionary Principle have to be followed in every case where there's a potential injury to the environment or to public health? Is there a negative social price for following this principle? How do we determine what is more important –…
Read MoreRecently the natural gas industry in Israel is buzzing like a beehive: the latest gas explorations were found by drill rig in the Mediterranean Sea, and public opposition exists against planned installations for gas transmission and distribution. B…
Read MoreThe international environmental legislation in the last couple of years has been referring to the determination of prohibitions and restrictions on the use of chemicals that may be released into the environment by air and water and that have negative…
Read MoreThe British Standards Institute published a volume containing a reference to the legal situation in the world in terms of legislation that applies to EEE. The review was conducted in aspects of the restrictioans on the use of chemicals and instrument…
Read MoreThe year 2010 was declared by the UN as the “Year of Biodiversity”. The extinction of species is a less visible damage to the environment than are polluted rivers and polluted air, especially when it is a species of bacteria. And what do we care if,…
Read MoreIs emergency assessments programs, (pollution prevention plans, emergency procedures, etc.) contain information current and correct? Is scenarios included in them reflect the real risks in relation to relevant sites? Is the alleged readiness will s…
Read MoreTo date, a director could be satisfied with the number of meetings in which the Board reported (or not reported) the company's environmental situation, and perhaps also proposed improvements in the situation and help determine the strategy for action…
Read MoreOne day, you get a call from the Ministry of Environmental Protection. They ask for details about your financial turnover. Probably on the first instance you think they fell on their heads. In any case they seek and receive current information on c…
Read MoreThe article shows that clean technologies and "green" solutions for the generation of energy often also have downsides, and that it is wise to thoroughly assess clean energy projects before investing large sums in projects that are environmentally an…
Read MoreAccording to the existing legal status in Israel, only drinking water which is mineral water or spring water, and tap water, are regulated while water that is neither mineral nor spring water but supplied in bottles is not. The Israeli standard for t…
Read MoreAssessments of environmental impacts of industrial plants are not a trivial process, which can be achieved in a short period. Without carefully planed environmental risk management system, the corporation will react to events rather than behave proac…
Read MoreIndictments on environmental violations are often served against the company and against a number of corporate officers. Sometimes at the beginning or during the criminal trial, the defendants can reach an agreement with the prosecutors representing…
Read MoreThe Israeli Clean Air Act Law- 2008 is a revolutionary law. Aims not only to include protection for humans, but also introduced advanced objectives of protecting ecosystems and biodiversity. Goals also include advanced principles drawn from internati…
Read MoreIn July 2008 the Israeli new Clean Air Law was published. It is not another amendment of an existing law – it is a new law, an innovative and modern law to constitute the framework for administration and control over all emission sources that influen…
Read MoreThe European Court of Justice has rejected a claim by chemicals companies that reacted monomers should be exempt from the EU's REACH chemicals regulation, in line with an advisory opinion issued in March. The lawsuit was filed by four companies argui…
Read MoreIn 2003, the United Nations (UN) submitted the so-called “purple book" containing the “Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals” (GHS). With a view to facilitating trade while protecting human health and the environment…
Read MoreThe Clean Air Act introduced dramatic changes in environmental legislation in general and in legislation engaged in air pollution in particular. Among other things, the law introduced the following innovations: The inclusion of the precautionary pri…
Read MoreInternational environmental law affects Israel's environmental legislation. In the field of air pollution, important conventions are the Climate Change Convention and the Kyoto Protocol. These international agreements have created economic tools and…
Read MoreAlthough it seems the electrical and electronic industry is not a direct target of the -REACH regulations, but in some contexts, that this article specifies, the electrical and electronic industry EEE at the appropriate time must be prepared for th…
Read MoreHazardous waste disposal costs go soaring. At the same time the world attempts to prevent transfer of hazardous waste to areas in the world where you can dispose of waste without the cost and probably without proper treatment, endangering of man and…
Read MoreThe article surveys contemporary initiatives to promote "green" accounting on both the national and international levels. The article touches on the following issues: The position of the IASC(International Accounting Standards Committee); What is a C…
Read MoreThe expansion in the commercial and industrial uses of nanomaterials has caught the legislators unprepared. Their unique size and reactivity with their close environment makes it especially complex to determine and manage their potential toxicity. Th…
Read MoreThere are many cases, in which directors and officers of corporations, under the provisions of environmental laws, need to sign declarations on environmental issues. In many cases, executives sign affidavits or declarations, without giving the proper…
Read MoreThe article covers the REACH regulations and the world legal revolution that led to the new chemicals laws. Among other things the article gives an explanation on the issues of registration, evaluation, authorization and notification required by this…
Read MoreFridges, appliances that are controlled by remote control and cell phones are only a small part of appliances emitting non-ionising radiation. Long-term exposure to non-ionising radiation can be harmful to health and the environment. In the year 20…
Read MoreCalcalist magazine interviewed attorney Gil Dror and asked questions about the economic aspects of European chemicals legislation - REACH. Adv. Dror referred to the significant costs involved in implementing the legislation and the real possibility…
Read MoreIn 1992 the Basel Convention, regulating the trans boundary movement of hazardous waste was signed. The initiation of the convention was due to the large number of cases discovered, and many others that have not seen, in which illegal transport of h…
Read MorePre-registration is a process in which a manufacturer of chemicals , compounds of chemicals, or articles that contain chemicals intended to be released to the environment, and the appear in a list that can make them suitable for pre-registration ("p…
Read MoreIn the Industrial context, environmental law deals mostly with production sites which affect the environment (air pollution, sewage, etc.). Recent developments in the field of environmental law, transferring attention to products as well, during thei…
Read MoreWater is essential for human existence, but water is also necessary for the existence of the industry. Industry needs large amounts of water as raw materials, production processes, energy production, washing, cooling and many other uses. Our experien…
Read MoreUpon completion in 2006, the EU published the - REACH regulations. These regulations involve innovative legislation that regulates the registration, evaluation, authorization and restrictions imposed on almost all chemicals produced or that will ente…
Read MoreThe REACH regulations on registration, evaluation, authorization and restrictions on the use of chemicals came into effect in June 2007. Since the regulations came into force, ECHA established in Helsinki, manages the registration process, and other…
Read More"The RoHS Directive is dynamic! Don't miss to monitor future changes!" This was and is our mantra when we counsel clients on the RoHS Directive. In fact, change is a built-in fixture in the directive that reastricts the use of six hazardous substanc…
Read MoreBeing asked which environmental law has got the greatest impact on the US economy most people would probably answer that it is the 'Clean Air Act', the 'Clean Water Act' or legislation on hazardous substances – and would be wrong. The law with the gr…
Read MoreREACH sets up a comprehensive system for the manufacturing and use of substances in the EU. The main focus of the new system is the registration of substances. Substances subject to registration cannot be manufactured and / or placed on the market un…
Read MoreThere are six hazardous substances that the electronics industry has been struggling to phase-out for a couple of years now: lead, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium, and the flame retardants polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) and polybrominated diphe…
Read MoreQuestions were raised in various legal issues related to the field of nanotechnology. As often in the field of environmental protection, in an attempt to gain benefits we have to walk a tightrope to avoid inflicting unexpected damages. The same app…
Read MoreOften we hear about new technologies for water treatment that can increase the potential of water sources in Israel and the world. In some cases, new technologies are not included in the routine legislation, due to rapid technological development on…
Read MoreThe Indian Energy & Resources Institute published a book dealing with electronic waste. Attorneys Levinson and Lietzmann wrote the book chapters dealing with legislation applicable to electronic waste around the world. Their contribution focused…
Read MoreAccording to the REACH regulations, every European manufacturer or importer of substances, under specific circumstances, is obliged to register the manufactured / imported substances, defined as "phase in" substances. The registration process consist…
Read MoreManufacturing, selling and exporting dangerous substances requires the compilation of a Safety Data Sheet. This being the main document on hazards communication it should be compatible with the requirements in different countries which contrary to po…
Read MoreIn recent years, corporations adopted social responsibility including environmental responsibility as a strategy that allows the corporation to reach out to the community, as well as increase annual profit. The main aspect of Corporate Environmental…
Read MoreIn recent years international environmental principles are transposed into the Israeli legal system through the introduction of new laws as well as the amendment of laws dealing specifically with environmental protection. This article discusses the…
Read MoreThe Basel Convention on the transboundary movements of hazardous wastes and their disposal aims (a) at halting the dumping of such waste from industrialized nations to developing countries with inadequate or inexistent facilities for treating it or s…
Read MoreThe proposal for a Regulation on the Registration, Evaluation Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (hereinafter REACH), was initially released by the Commission in 2003. Once it enters into force, probably in 2007, REACH will have drastic reper…
Read MoreIn many ways the Chinese legislation on Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE) has “done better” than the European WEEE/RoHS Directives in confusing manufacturers of EEE worldwide with its provisions on the scope of and exemptions from the law, as…
Read MoreIn Israel, there are more than one standard for drinking water. The standard for drinking water supplied to households through pipes is regulated by the Public Health Regulations (Sanitary Standards for Drinking Water), 1974. The standard for drinkin…
Read MoreThe hostilities in the latest Lebanon war brought about environmental damage to both countries natural resources. According to the UN Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques, it is p…
Read MoreA Texas company operating an oil refinery and the managers thereof were recently indicted for allegedly infringing the law on migratory birds due to air pollution caused by benzene used at the plant’s site. The benzene was used to dilute liquid waste…
Read MoreThe field of carriage of dangerous goods by road has become a field asking for extensive knowledge. Apparently, the only legislation regulating it are the "Transportation Services Law - 1997" and the "Transportation Services Regulations – 2001", but…
Read MoreThe two European Directives "WEEE" and "RoHS" dealing with the collection and recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) and the elimination of certain hazardous substances in EEE have one weakness: Important terms, like for instanc…
Read MoreThe precautionary principle has become an important concept recognized by international environmental law and increasingly proclaimed by national legislation of countries around the world. It can be invoked to take measures where there is a threat of…
Read MoreIn recent years various steps were taken at a legislative level within the context of a well-established doctrine aiming at improving the safety procedures and decreasing the risks involved in the area of transport of dangerous goods by road. This ar…
Read MoreEnvironmental class actions are used by civilians as a powerful tool against industries in order to obtain compensation for damage caused by pollution, or as a civil enforcement where the state does not enforce due to the lack of adequate resources o…
Read MoreThe European Commission submitted in 2003 a proposal for a new regulatory system of chemicals known as REACH due to the shortcomings of the existing legislation which will be repealed once REACH comes into effect. Under the existing system, very few…
Read MoreThe EU chemicals policy will undergo drastic changes once the Regulation on the Registration, Evaluation and Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) enters into force, probably in 2007. The text of the REACH is not yet finalized. It was or…
Read MoreIsrael expands on 2/3 of the size of Belgium and is slightly smaller than the US state New Jersey but is home to almost 6.3 million inhabitants. It has one of the highest population densities in the world with an average of 294 people per square mete…
Read MoreFor the purpose of engaging in the area of transport of dangerous substances a business license granted by the licensing authority under the Business licensing Law is required. Under the Business Licensing Law corporate officers carry the overall re…
Read MoreLately it was reported, that the EU Commission may propose fresh legislation to iron out problems implementing the EU's WEEE Directive. In the end of January during a session of the European parliament's environment committee, a commission official t…
Read MoreIn the last issue [of the journal "Electronica"] we referred to a number of practical questions we were confronted with regarding the implementation of the WEEE Directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment, respectively of the national legi…
Read MoreDuring August 2005, the WEEE Directive will be formally applied. In this directive, it was decided upon that by August 2004 all EU member states will bring into force transposing laws and by 13 August 2005 these laws will have to become effective in…
Read MoreThe need to supply water is one of the most human essential needs of all. The more western a society becomes, the need to supply more water increases. Around the globe and in Israel water and wastewater has varied uses: starting from drinking, washi…
Read MoreOne of the tools to enforce environmental law is making officers in corporations responsible for environmental offences. The purpose of this act is first, to make it financially unworthy to perform environmental offence by the corporation and second,…
Read MoreEnvironmental measurements used in Israel and around the globe, are fundamentally based on high technology and scientific devices. Such testing hold legal implications. Although appear simple, environmental testing require a high level of experience…
Read MoreThe second amendment of the law for Preventing Sea Pollution from Land Bbased Sources is part of a general trend of harshening punishment and strengthening effective enforcement. While some of the changes in the law express harshening of existing sit…
Read MoreAdopting foreign environmental standards in Israel is problematic since most of the times the reference in the Israeli legislation is made to foreign standards to the updates of these standards, not to a certain dated and known edition. Therefore it…
Read MoreThe article describes the legal frame of the RoHS Directive and its difference compared to the WEEE Directive and specifies the exemptions. Each product should be carefully examined in order to determine its classification/exemption from the direc…
Read MoreIgnoring environmental risks while preparing a tender for a desalination facility can finally lead to wrong allocation of risks between the government and the participants. These are the risks that should be taken into consideration: - Objections fi…
Read MoreThe Supreme Court has lately referred to the question which activities a business license in one factory has to be applied for (Case no. 4270/03 State of Israel against Tnuva – collective center for marketing agricultural products in Israel Ltd.) H…
Read MoreThe Supreme Court has lately referred to the question which businesses must apply for a business license. Here is a brief summary of the Tnuva case: Tnuva owns in Petah Tikva a food distribution center operated by trucks which has a business license…
Read MoreEvery now and then we hear about land pollution during infrastructure works such as laying of sewage piping or repairing them. The land may contain steams of inflammable materials which in some cases can cause an explosion. This endangers not only th…
Read MoreAccording to the Water Law, water sources are public property, controlled by the state, designated for development of the country, including also sewage and water drainage. The local authorities are responsible for treating sanitary sewage. Nowadays…
Read MoreIsrael does not have a unified definition for the term “Hazardous Substances”, a thing which complicates handling this issue. We sometimes hear about a road being closed due to an accident of vehicles transporting dangerous substances. In 1997 the l…
Read MoreNew Challenge To Israeli High Tech Exports to the EU: New European WEEE and RoHS Regulations Whether they export computers, telephones, semiconductors, refrigerators, or other high-tech products, Israeli manufacturers and exporters will now have to d…
Read MoreNew licensing regulations from the Ministry for the Environment determine the concentration of salt in sewage. The responsible official at the Ministry of the Environment can permit higher a concentration of the salt if the plant uses Best Available…
Read MoreThe Israeli Ministry of the Environment currently provides no rewards to Israeli companies that monitor their environmental compliance through self-environmental audits. Instead, if an Israeli company discovers a problem with its environmental self-…
Read MoreUnder Israeli law, corporate management has responsibility for appointing capable and effective environmental and occupational health and safety officers in the corporation's plants. At present, management's efforts in that regard are misdirected. Fo…
Read MoreIn June 2001 the Israeli Knesset voted to establish an investigative parliamentary commission dealing with drinking water. In 1959 the Israeli Water Law was enacted and remains today the broad legal framework dealing with drinking water and the singl…
Read MoreDue to the difference of 1.2 meters between sea level in the Red Sea and the Mediterranean, numerous foreign species have migrated from the Red Sea through the Suez Canal operated by Egypt, negatively affecting native Mediterranean marine species in…
Read MoreIsraeli regulations dealing with air pollution from motor vehicles state that “a person” may not drive motor vehicles with faulty exhaust systems or cause unreasonable air pollution from motor vehicles. In the case of corporate vehicles used by emplo…
Read MoreWith regard to the supply of pressurized water for fire protection, fire protection regulations dating from the 1970s provide different sets of regulations for different institutions, such as museums, private homes, hospitals, schools, etc. This arti…
Read MoreThree years ago, Larry Bohlen, environmentalist and director of the Health and Environment Programs “Friends of the Earth”, stopped at the local grocery store to buy cereal, corn chips and shells. Larry Bohlen suspected that the yellow color of the c…
Read MoreIn Summer 2003, the Israeli Ministry of the Environment promulgated new regulations dealing with licensing of hazardous materials. Based on the amount and concentration of these materials used by an entity, the Ministry fixes proportionate hazardous…
Read MoreDisinfection of drinking water in Israel is regulated by the public health ordinance (1940), and the people’s health regulations (sanitary quality of drinking water) –1974, (as follows will denoted as “the regulations”). Article 6 in the regulations…
Read MoreTen years after the world leaders met in Rio to discuss the environmental, social and economical challenges concerning the whole international community, a follow up summit of world leaders gathered in South Africa, with the aim of reiterating the co…
Read MoreEnvironmental authorities accumulate information, part of which has to do with hazardous substances: their storage, their possible effects on their environment should they be suddenly dispersed, and the measures taken to prevent such incidents. As of…
Read MoreThe natural cycle of water is reflected in Israeli legislation as if in a broken mirror. This cycle has been broken apart so that different facets of it are regulated in separate pieces of legislation that are, at times, uncoordinated. The purpose of…
Read MoreSewage sludge is the (more) solid fraction of treated effluent. The sludge inevitably contains all the insoluble substances present in the treated effluent that could not be manually removed. The result is that sludges differ as a function of the eff…
Read MoreUntil recently two main Israeli laws have been used to protect the groundwater from leaking underground storage tanks (USTs): The Water Law and the Business Licensing Law. In 1997 regulations were introduced to focus on aging USTs at gasoline statio…
Read MoreIsrael lacks completely any experience in commerce in air pollutants. Following the Kyoto Protocol to the UN's Framework Convention on Climate Change a world of economic and environmental opportunities may open for Israeli firms, a non-annex 1 countr…
Read MoreThe adoption of an Environmental Management System (EMS) is no longer only a matter of internal business policy of the firm. Certain legislative instruments now impose a duty on executive officers to: "supervise and do whatever possible to prevent th…
Read MoreFollowing rising public interest in natural gas production near the Israeli coast and the Exclusive Economic Zone, this article attempts to look at the environmental aspects of such activities and the legal framework in which it takes place. Certain…
Read MoreThe liability of a councilor (an environmental expert included) may be based in four known doctrines: Negligence; Negligent mis-presentation; Strict liability; and liability rising out of a contract. The article describes the recent ruling of the Hig…
Read MoreThe article surveys contemporary initiatives to promote "green" accounting on both the national and international levels. The article touches on the following issues: The position of the IASC (International Accounting Standards Committee); What is a…
Read MoreThe article relates to the following legal points regarding wastewater treatment plants: The Businesses Licensing Law 1968 as a framework for the regulation of wastewater treatment plants; The division of liability for environmental nuisances betwee…
Read MoreMedical institutions in Israel are exempt from the general provisions governing the environmental impacts of businesses. Only recently have the waste streams of medical institutions been regulated under the People's Health Regulations (Waste Treatmen…
Read MoreThe Haifa District Court confirmed the indictment of two firms in a charge of operating without a Business License for the "transport" of fuel in a pipe-line. The Court further ruled that the law required the firms to obtain a Business License from e…
Read MoreEnvironmental consciousness already influences production activities in various ways. While designing and producing an appliance one should already keep in mind how that appliance will end its life. Refrigerators and air-conditioners serve as an exam…
Read MoreThe high cost of remediation of environmental damages often brings the Legislator to broaden the circle of liability for these damages and dip his hand into "pockets" that are traditionally considered to be too far, in order to gain the funds necesar…
Read MoreEnvironmentally speaking agriculture holds an ambiguous position -- It is both a "sink" for pollution and helps preserve natural resources, yet it is itself a polluter. The "Green" along with the "Black". 1. Recently, a Kibbutz was found guilty of co…
Read MoreThe importance of a Hazardous Substances Permit can not be overstated -- It is practically a sine qua non to the operation of almost every business. The right to a Hazardous Substances Permit has been granted in Basic Law: Freedom of Occupation. This…
Read MoreIn January 1998 the Ministry of Environment and the Federation of Industrialists signed an Agreement to Implement Standards Regarding the Emission of Pollutants to the Air. This Agreement is the first of its kind in Israel signifying a deviation from…
Read MoreBoth the person whose activity is a potential source of land pollution and the person who is in possession of already polluted land (even if that pollution was brought through no fault of his/her) may be faced with liabilities that could surpass the…
Read MoreMost corporations whose activities affect environment have come to appreciate the advantages and need for a formal, modern approach that ensures that environmental factors become part and parcel of the business decision making process, from prelimina…
Read MoreThree Town Associations have promulgated bye-laws empowering them to enter premises on which hazardous substances are stored and inspect them, and fixing a fee for the performance of this service. A basic feature of an environmental policy is a divis…
Read MoreEnvironmental damages are usually the result of recurring long-term activities. This fact raises complicated legal questions: When did the activity that caused the damage occur? When did the damage itself manifest? It is difficulties like these that…
Read MoreIsraeli Environmental Law is in its infancy yet developing rapidly. Recent legislation bears with it stricter standards of performance, and imposes a duty to invest in technological advancements in equipment. Since the Environmental Legislation chang…
Read MoreAs of today there is nothing in Israeli Environmental Legislation that regulates underground storage tanks. This article attempts to sum up several aspects that the Legislator might be expected to keep in mind when dealing with this subject: Define w…
Read MoreThe authorities charged with the enforcement of Environmental Legislation are acting as guardians of the public well-being, health and safety. In order to enable these authorities to carry their tasks on the better side, the Legislator gave them powe…
Read MoreOn June 6th, 1993 the government of Israel decided to close down the hundreds of small MSW dumping sites and to concentrate MSW in a limited number of sites on a regional basis. While everybody acknowledges the pressing need for MSW dumping sites, al…
Read MoreThe Water Tribunal is that branch of the Judicature that has unique jurisdiction over proceedings regarding water and drainage issues. Presiding over the Tribunal is a District Court judge (the Hon. Dr. Dan Bein of the District Court of Haifa) with w…
Read MoreA number of legislative instruments exist that regulate hazardous substances, each defining "hazardous substances" anew, for its own, unique, purposes. Both the principle of the "Certainty of the Law" and the right of a person to know what the law de…
Read MoreThe Israeli Water Act of 1959 is the statutory instrument that regulates all aspects of water almost. Two principles lie at its core: Water are a resource owned by the public and controlled by the state. The sources of water are both those above grou…
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